====== Raspberry Pi ======


Headless operating system

{{:rpi_os.png?400|}}

===== Raspberry Pi Advanced Hidden Menu ======

[[https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-imager-now-comes-with-advanced-options]]

{{:rpi_imager_hidden_menu.png?400|}}

press CTRL + SHIFT + X

I found that this only works if you have on-board WiFi

===== Defaults =====
Default user: pi

Default password: raspberry

===== Change password =====
  sudo passwd pi

===== Enable SSH =====

  sudo raspi-config

Interface Options --> P2 SSH

===== Configure WiFi =====

  sudo raspi-config

(problems with drivers in USB dongles are common)

The error:

    nl80211: Driver does not support authentication/association or connect commands

means that the standard nl80211 doesn't support your device , you should use the old driver wext.


To correctly set up your wpa_supplicant.conf , it is better to use the wpa_passphrase command:

  wpa_passphrase YOUR-SSID YOUR-PASSWORD >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
  
run:

  wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -D wext -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -B
  dhclient wlan0

To automatically connect to your AP after restart edit the wlan0 interface on your /etc/network/interfaces as follow:

  allow-hotplug wlan0
  iface wlan0 inet dhcp
      wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

===== Set Static IP =====

sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf

  # Example static IP configuration:
  interface wlan0
  static ip_address=192.168.0.30/24
  #static ip6_address=fd51:42f8:caae:d92e::ff/64
  static routers=192.168.0.1
  static domain_name_servers=192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8 fd51:42f8:caae:d92e::1

===== Update apt =====
  apt-get update

  apt-get upgrade

===== Get Dire Wolf =====

===== Guide by 2E0SIP =====

[[https://www.marrold.co.uk/2019/04/installing-direwolf-15-on-raspberry-pi.html]]

===== Update Dependencies =====

  apt-get install git build-essential libasound2-dev libudev-dev alsa-utils rsyslog logrotate gpsd libgps-dev
  
===== Get Dire Wolf Source Code and build it =====

  cd /usr/src
  git clone http://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf
  cd direwolf
  make
  make install
  
===== From Direwolf documentation =====

The build procedure has changed in version 1.6.
In general, it now looks like this:

Download the source code:

        cd ~
        git clone https://www.github.com/wb2osz/direwolf
        cd direwolf

Optional - Do this to get the latest development version
rather than the latest stable release.

        git checkout dev

Build it.  There are two new steps not used for earlier releases.

        mkdir build && cd build
        cmake ..
        make -j4

Install:

        sudo make install
        make install-conf

You will probably need to install additional applications and
libraries depending on your operating system.
More details are in the README.md file.

Questions?

 - Extensive documentation can be found in the 'doc' directory.
 - Join the discussion forum here:   https://groups.io/g/direwolf

===== Add Dire Wolf Config for an IGate =====

Place Dire wolf config in

  /etc/direwolf.conf

  #
  # Sample configuration for SDR read-only IGate.
  #
  
  # We might not have an audio output device so set to null.
  # We will override the input half on the command line.
  ADEVICE null null
  CHANNEL 0
  MYCALL CALLSIGN 
  
  # First you need to specify the name of a Tier 2 server.
  # The current preferred way is to use one of these regional rotate addresses:
  
  #       noam.aprs2.net          - for North America
  #       soam.aprs2.net          - for South America
  #       euro.aprs2.net          - for Europe and Africa
  #       asia.aprs2.net          - for Asia
  #       aunz.aprs2.net          - for Oceania
  
  IGSERVER euro.aprs2.net
  
  # You also need to specify your login name and passcode.
  # Contact the author if you can't figure out how to generate the passcode.
  
  IGLOGIN CALLSIGN PASSWORD
  
  # iGate information
  
  PBEACON sendto=IG delay=0:30 every=10:00 symbol="igate" overlay=R lat=xx^xx.xxN long=xx^xx.xxW comment="144.800MHz IGate, rPi 1, RTL-SDR, 
  Dire Wolf"
  
  # Logging
  
  LOGDIR /var/log/direwolf/
  
  # That's all you need for a receive only IGate which relays
  # messages from the local radio channel to the global servers.
  
===== Get APRS passcode =====

[[http://apps.magicbug.co.uk/passcode/]]

===== Create the direwolf user =====

  adduser --system --no-create-home --group direwolf
  
===== Add direwolf user to the audio group =====

  usermod -g audio -G audio direwolf
  
otherwise

{{::direwolf_permission_error.png?400|}}

===== Maybe a good time to install RTL-SDR =====

  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install cmake build-essential libusb-1.0-0-dev
  cd /usr/src
  git clone git://git.osmocom.org/rtl-sdr.git
  cd rtl-sdr
  mkdir build
  cd build
  cmake ../ -DINSTALL_UDEV_RULES=ON -DDETACH_KERNEL_DRIVER=ON
  make
  sudo make install
  sudo ldconfig
 
Run test

  rtl_test
  
===== Starting Direwolf on boot =====

Next we need to create a systemd service so direwolf starts on boot. We also redirect stdout and stderr to syslog, so we can treat it as a log file.

Add direwolf to the plugdev group
  sudo usermod -a -G plugdev direwolf

Create direwolf.service file
  nano /lib/systemd/system/direwolf.service

With following content
  [Unit]
  Description=Direwolf Daemon
  Wants=network-online.target
  After=sound.target syslog.target network-online.target
  
  [Service]
  User=direwolf
  ExecStart=/bin/sh -c 'rtl_fm -f 144.8M - | direwolf -c /etc/direwolf.conf -r 24000 -D 1 -'
  StandardOutput=syslog
  StandardError=syslog
  SyslogIdentifier=direwolf
  
  [Install]
  WantedBy=multi-user.target

Symlink the service
  ln -s /lib/systemd/system/direwolf.service /etc/systemd/system/direwolf.service

Reload systemctl
  systemctl daemon-reload
  
Enable the direwolf service
  systemctl enable direwolf
  
Also enable the systemd-networkd-wait-online service so Direwolf starts after the network is up
  systemctl enable systemd-networkd-wait-online
  
== Configure Logging ==
Earlier we configured the direwolf systemd service file to redirect all stdout and stderr to syslog. So it's easier to read we need to redirect the log entries to their own file.

Create the directory for the log files
  mkdir /var/log/direwolf
  
Set the permissions to the correct user
  chown -R direwolf:direwolf /var/log/direwolf/
  
Create a .conf file for rsyslog
  nano /etc/rsyslog.d/direwolf.conf
  
And enter the following

  if $programname == 'direwolf' then /var/log/direwolf/direwolf.log
  & stop

Then create a logrotate configuration file
  nano /etc/logrotate.d/direwolf
  
And enter the following. Feel free to edit the parameters to suit your needs

  /var/log/direwolf/aprs.log
  {
      rotate 5
      daily
      missingok
  }
  
  /var/log/direwolf/direwolf.log
  {
      rotate 5
      daily
      missingok
      postrotate
          invoke-rc.d rsyslog rotate > /dev/null
      endscript
  }

===== Steps to remember after ISO write =====

1. [[#add_dire_wolf_config_for_an_igate|Change callsign and APRS pass]]

2. [[#set_static_ip|Change static IP]]

3. [[#configure_wifi|Change WiFi SSID and pass]]

4. [[#change_password|Change pi password]]

5. Remove bash history