Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- packet:ninotnc [2024/09/08 18:23] – [Cheat sheet] m0lte
+++ packet:ninotnc [2025/04/16 15:23] (current) – [Operating modes] g7taj
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 ===== UK Stock =====
-By agreement, Tom M0LTE holds stock of PCB + microcontroller only kits in the UK. These are available with circa 2 day shipping from [[https://ko-fi.com/s/981d919ea3|https://ko-fi.com/s/981d919ea3]]. Two sets of components from Mouser takes you over their free shipping threshold.
+By agreement, Tom M0LTE sometimes holds stock of PCB + microcontroller only kits in the UK. These are available from [[https://ko-fi.com/s/981d919ea3|https://ko-fi.com/s/981d919ea3]]. Two sets of components from Mouser takes you over their free shipping threshold.
 ===== Operating modes =====
@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 Current modes as of firmware release 3.40 / 4.40 / v40 (all refer to the same version)
-^ Mode ^ Baud  ^ bps   ^ Mod  ^ Proto ^ Usage  ^ BW     ^ Typical use                                                                                ^
+^# ^ Mode ^QtSM Mode ^ Baud  ^ bps   ^ Mod  ^ Proto ^ Usage  ^ BW     ^ Typical use                                                                                ^
-| 0001 | 19200 | 19200 | 4FSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 25k    | High SNR links between dedicated data radios. v41 firmware required in practice.           |
+|1 | 0001 | ? |19200 | 19200 | 4FSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 25k    | High SNR links between dedicated data radios. v41 firmware required in practice.           |
-| 0011 | 9600  | 9600  | 4FSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | High SNR links between dedicated data radios. Suitable for UK 2m band.                     |
+|3 | 0011 | ? | 9600  | 9600  | 4FSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | High SNR links between dedicated data radios. Suitable for UK 2m band.                     |
-| 0010 | 9600  | 9600  | GFSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 25k    | Current recommended mode for new 70cm (25kHz) links where both ends are compatible         |
+|2 | 0010 | ? | 9600  | 9600  | GFSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 25k    | Current recommended mode for new 70cm (25kHz) links where both ends are compatible         |
-| 0101 | 3600  | 3600  | QPSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | For situations where only a speaker/mic connection is available but > 1200 baud is desired |
+|5 | 0101 | ? | 3600  | 3600  | QPSK | IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | For situations where only a speaker/mic connection is available but > 1200 baud is desired |
-| 1011 | 1200  | 2400  | QPSK | IL2Pc | SSB/FM | 2.4kHz | HF - quadrature version of 1200 BPSK, twice the throughput for +3dB SNR.                   |
+|11| 1011 | QPSK v26a | 1200  | 2400  | QPSK | IL2Pc | SSB/FM | 2.4kHz | HF - quadrature version of 1200 BPSK, twice the throughput for +3dB SNR.                   |
-| 1010 | 1200  | 1200  | BPSK | IL2Pc | SSB/FM | 2.4kHz | HF - use for circuits where wider transmission is acceptable.                              |
+|10| 1010 | ? | 1200  | 1200  | BPSK | IL2Pc | SSB/FM | 2.4kHz | HF - use for circuits where wider transmission is acceptable.                              |
-| 1001 | 300   | 600   | QPSK | IL2Pc | SSB    | 500Hz  | HF - quadrature version of 300 BPSK, twice the throughput for +3dB SNR                     |
+|9 | 1001 | ? | 300   | 600   | QPSK | IL2Pc | SSB    | 500Hz  | HF - quadrature version of 300 BPSK, twice the throughput for +3dB SNR                     |
-| 1000 | 300   | 300   | BPSK | IL2Pc | SSB    | 500Hz  | HF - slowest but best performing mode. ~7dB better than classic 300 baud FSK AX.25         |
+|8 | 1000 | BPSK AX.25 300bd | 300   | 300   | BPSK | IL2Pc | SSB    | 500Hz  | HF - slowest but best performing mode. ~7dB better than classic 300 baud FSK AX.25         |
-| 1110 | 300   | 300   | AFSK | IL2Pc | SSB    | 500Hz  | CRC improvement of IL2P 300 baud AX.25. Recommended if you can't do BPSK / QPSK on HF.     |
+|14| 1110 | AFSK AX.25 300bd | 300   | 300   | AFSK | IL2Pc | SSB    | 500Hz  | CRC improvement of IL2P 300 baud AX.25. Recommended if you can't do BPSK / QPSK on HF.     |
-| 1111 | n/a   | n/a   | n/a  | n/a   | n/a    | n/a    | Allows the mode to be set by a SETHW KISS command (v41+).                                  |
+|- | 1111 | ? | n/a   | n/a   | n/a  | n/a   | n/a    | n/a    | Allows the mode to be set by a SETHW KISS command (v41+).                                  |
 IL2Pc is shorthand for IL2P plus CRC.
+**QtSM NOTE: For IL2P and CRC modes, these need to be enabled per modem in the Settings/Modems menu**
 Superseded (but still supported) modes:
-^ Mode ^ Baud ^ bps  ^ Mod  ^ Protocol ^ Superseded by   ^ Usage  ^ BW     ^ Typical use                                                                        ^
+^# ^ Mode ^ Baud ^ bps  ^ Mod  ^ Protocol ^ Superseded by   ^ Usage  ^ BW     ^ Typical use                                                                        ^
-| 0000 | 9600 | 9600 | GFSK | AX.25    | 9600 GFSK IL2P  | FM     | 25k    | Backwards compatibility with legacy G3RUH modems                                   |
+|0 | 0000 | 9600 | 9600 | GFSK | AX.25    | 9600 GFSK IL2P  | FM     | 25k    | Backwards compatibility with legacy G3RUH modems                                   |
-| 0100 | 4800 | 4800 | GFSK | IL2Pc    | 9600 4FSK IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | Was the recommended mode for new 2m (12.5kHz) links where both ends are compatible, until 9k6 4FSK came along |
+|4 | 0100 | 4800 | 4800 | GFSK | IL2Pc    | 9600 4FSK IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | Was the recommended mode for new 2m (12.5kHz) links where both ends are compatible, until 9k6 4FSK came along |
-| 0011 | 4800 | 4800 | GFSK | IL2P     | 4800 GFSK IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | Debugging against 4800 GFSK IL2P+CRC in case of issues with the CRC mode           |
+|7 | 0111 | 1200 | 1200 | AFSK | IL2P     | 4800 GFSK IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | Improvement over 1200 AFSK IL2P, where none of the GFSK modes are possible         |
-| 0111 | 1200 | 1200 | AFSK | IL2P     | 4800 GFSK IL2Pc | FM     | 12.5k  | Improvement over 1200 AFSK IL2P, where none of the GFSK modes are possible         |
+|6 | 0110 | 1200 | 1200 | AFSK | AX.25    | 1200 AFSK IL2P  | FM     | 12.5k  | VHF APRS, backwards compatibility with classic / legacy TNCs like PK232            |
-| 0110 | 1200 | 1200 | AFSK | AX.25    | 1200 AFSK IL2P  | FM     | 12.5k  | VHF APRS, backwards compatibility with classic / legacy TNCs like PK232            |
+|12| 1100 | 300  | 300  | AFSK | AX.25    | 300 AFSK IL2P   | SSB    | 500Hz  | Backwards compatibility with legacy HF packet modems. Modulation invented c. 1962! |
-| 1100 | 300  | 300  | AFSK | AX.25    | 300 AFSK IL2P   | SSB    | 500Hz  | Backwards compatibility with legacy HF packet modems. Modulation invented c. 1962! |
+|13| 1101 | 300  | 300  | AFSK | IL2P     | 300 AFSK IL2Pc  | SSB    | 500Hz  | IL2P improvement of AFSK 300 baud AX.25.                                           |
-| 1101 | 300  | 300  | AFSK | IL2P     | 300 AFSK IL2Pc  | SSB    | 500Hz  | IL2P improvement of AFSK 300 baud AX.25.                                           |
 Prefer:
@@ Line 75: / Line 77: @@
 | Yaesu FTM-300D | 1100    | Tested up to Modes 0100 4800 GFSK IL2P+CRC |
 | Kenwood TK-90 | 0100 | TX audio is pretty sensitive, works better in mic range. |
+| Quansheng UV-K5 | 1100 | Wiktor - SA0WII has these working with the now well known 9k6 hardware mod |
 ==== Switch 1 - Transmit audio range selection - DATA/MIC ====
@@ Line 219: / Line 222: @@
 [[https://www.printables.com/model/562738-nino-tnc-a4-case|LEDs in a line]] - modified by Jeremy M0JXW
+[[packet:ninotnc-ka2dew-case|KA2DEW case]]
 ===== SLOTTIME and PERSIST =====
@@ Line 272: / Line 276: @@
 , 0111: 1248 Hz tone for 3.0kHz deviation \\
 :       2079 Hz tone for 5.0kHz deviation \\
+C4FSK 9600 - 1039Hz for 2.5kHz outer deviation \\
+C4FSK 19200 - 2079Hz for 5.0kHz outer deviation \\
+==== Frequency misalignment ====
+TL;DR: +/- 4kHz is absolute maximum misalignment for narrow channel, that will still be decoded
+Tested using a 25kHz Tait TM8105, programmed with a 12.5kHz channel, using a 4k8 GFSK signal with 1.2kHz deviation, and tested with a signal generator. The receive performance was fairly consistent with frequency misalignment up to +-4kHz. At that limit, the Tait's RSSI pin was indicating 3dB less signal strength than when the frequency was perfectly aligned. At +- 5kHz misalignment, receive performance disappeared. All packets lost.
+Narrowband Kenwood TK-760, nearly the same as the Tait. Also tried a FTM-3100 set to narrow. Similar, but less accurate and wider. It worked +4kHz to -6kHz, suggesting a couple kHz oscillator misalignment.
 ===== Misc Linux Notes =====
@@ Line 287: / Line 301: @@
 ''git clone https://github.com/g5dsg/2221aTool.git''
+''sudo pip3 install Click''
+''sudo pip3 install pyusb''
 ''sudo python3 ./2221aTool.py enum-serial 1''
@@ Line 314: / Line 332: @@
 From the release notes:
-Use KISS SETHW command (0x6) followed by mode number in range 0-14. Mode number is based on the MODE switch positions.
+Use KISS SETHW command (6) followed by mode number in range 0-14. Mode number is in the modes table above.
-KISS MODE setting is written to flash memory. To prevent an immediate flash memory write, add 16 (0x10) to mode number in the KISS SETHW command.
+The KISS MODE setting is written to flash memory. To prevent an immediate flash memory write, add 16 to the mode number in the KISS SETHW command - for example, the value 14 would become 30.
-BPQ supports this via the ''KISS'' command:
+BPQ supports this via the ''KISS'' command. For this command to work, you must set the mode DIP switches to 1-1-1-1 (or //on-on-on-on//), and be in SYSOP mode. To enter SYSOP mode, type ''password'' at the prompt. The prompt will respond with ''OK''. At this point, enter the command below:
 <code>
-kiss <port> <command> <value>
+kiss <port> 6 <value as determined above*>
 </code>
+* Remembering to add 16 to the value if you don't want the setting written to memory.
+**Examples**
+kiss n is the port number - port 3 in these examples
+the 6 is always constant
+^ Set port n to mode         ^ temporary       ^ persistent      ^
+| FSK300 IL2Pc (40m slot 1)  | ''kiss 3 6 30'' | ''kiss 3 6 14'' |
+| BPSK300 IL2Pc (40m slot 3) | ''kiss 3 6 24'' | ''kiss 3 6 8''  |
+| QPSK600 IL2Pc              | ''kiss 3 6 25'' | ''kiss 3 6 9''  |
 === GPIO ===
@@ Line 378: / Line 409: @@
 ===== Firmware =====
+To check your firmware version, press the test (red) button on TNC and observe the decoded packet.
+<code>
+=FirmwareVr:3.41=SerialNmbr:=UptimeMilS:0196CC43=BrdSwchMod:040F0002=AX25RxPkts:000008E5=IL2PRxPkts:
+00000000=IL2PRxUnCr:00000000=TxPktCount:000008F6=PreamblCnt:0000000B=LoopCycles:0C0281E9=LostADCSmp:00000000
+</code>
 To upgrade the firmware, see https://github.com/ninocarrillo/flashtnc/blob/master/README.md.
@@ Line 402: / Line 440: @@
 If you get dire warnings about bricked TNCs, know is this highly unlikely. Unplug TNC, reboot system, plug TNC, try again.
+===== Schematic =====
+Available from [[https://tarpn.net/t/nino-tnc/n9600a/n9600a4/n9600a4-assembly.html|tarpn.net]], mirror {{ :packet:2020-11-21-ninotnc-n9600a4r2-sch.pdf | here }}